2025 Peru Light oils (HS Code 271012) Export: Extreme Volatility

Key Takeaways

Light oils, classified under HS Code 271012 (Light oils and preparations (from petroleum)), exhibited extreme volatility from January to November 2025.

• Market Pulse: Volumes surged 84% in March before collapsing 73% by November, with unit prices declining from $0.65/kg to $0.54/kg, reflecting severe instability.
• Structural Shift: Peru Light oils Export revenue is dangerously concentrated, with Japan absorbing 72.8% of shipments—leaving the market exposed to demand shocks.
• Product Logic: HS Code 271012 trade data confirms a commodity-driven market, where 86.4% of exports fall under sub-code 2710121900, signaling price-sensitive bulk trade.

This overview covers the period from January to November 2025 and is based on verified customs data from the yTrade database.

Peru Light Oils (HS Code 271012) Key Metrics Trend

Market Trend Summary

The Peru Light oils Export trend from January to November 2025 displayed pronounced volatility, characterized by a sharp mid-year surge followed by a severe Q4 contraction. Volumes peaked in August at 260.47M kg before collapsing 72% by November, while unit prices drifted downward from $0.65/kg to $0.54/kg over the period. This created a whipsaw pattern where value surged 84% in March then crashed 73% in November, reflecting extreme instability in trade flows.

Drivers & Industry Context

The November collapse aligns with administrative disruptions from the GCC’s shift to 12-digit HS codes effective January 2025 [FedEx], which likely forced Peruvian exporters to recalibrate documentation and logistics for key markets, temporarily stifling shipments. The broader decline in hs code 271012 value throughout 2025 correlates with compressed refining margins globally, as light oil prices faced downward pressure from oversupply and fluctuating demand. (FedEx)

Table: Peru Light Oils Export Trend (Source: yTrade)

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Peru HS Code 271012 Export Breakdown

Market Composition & Top Categories

According to yTrade data, Peru's HS Code 271012 Export from January to November 2025 is dominated by sub-code 2710121900, which accounts for 86.43% of the total export value. This category, describing light petroleum oils, also represents 85.88% of the weight shipped. The remaining sub-codes collectively contribute less than 15% of the value, with minor variations in unit prices but similar product descriptions.

Value Chain & Strategic Insights

Unit prices for Peru's HS Code 271012 breakdown range narrowly from 0.43 to 0.70 USD per kilogram, indicating a commodity-driven market where price sensitivity outweighs quality differentiation. This trade structure is typical for bulk petroleum products, with exports focused on volume rather than specialized grades. Strategic insights suggest competition is based on cost efficiency and logistics, not value-added features.

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Peru Light Oils Destination Countries

Geographic Concentration & Market Risk

Japan is Peru's dominant buyer of light oils, capturing 72.8% of the total export value from January to November 2025. This heavy reliance on a single market creates significant exposure to any economic or policy shifts in Japan. The remaining trade is fragmented, with China as the only other notable partner at a 9.6% value share. This extreme concentration makes Peru's light oils export revenue highly sensitive to Japanese demand cycles.

Purchasing Behavior & Demand Segmentation

Japan's nearly identical value and weight ratios (72.8% vs. 72.6%) confirm a classic commodity purchasing pattern for these light oils. This alignment indicates price-sensitive bulk procurement, typical of industrial processing or energy generation, not premium or retail demand. The high shipment frequency further supports a model of steady, large-scale off-take agreements. For Peruvian exporters, this market offers volume scale rather than significant margin potential from specialized product specifications.

Table: Peru Light Oils (HS Code 271012) Top Destination Countries (Source: yTrade)

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Peru Light Oils Buyer Companies Analysis

Buyer Concentration & Market Structure

According to yTrade data, Peru's Light oils export market is dominated by key accounts that purchase frequently and in high volume. This segment represents over 81% of the total export value, indicating a stable, contract-based supply chain. These buyers, including major energy traders, form the core of Peru's export activity for HS Code 271012.

Purchasing Behavior & Sales Strategy

The heavy reliance on a few high-volume repeaters creates concentration risk; losing one account would significantly impact export revenue. Suppliers should prioritize relationship management with these key accounts through long-term contracts and consistent quality assurance. For broader market stability, exploring secondary buyers in the low-frequency segments could mitigate over-dependence on primary clients.

Table: Peru Light Oils (HS Code 271012) Top Buyers List (Source: yTrade)

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Action Plan for Light Oils Market Operation and Expansion

• Diversify buyer base: Mitigate over-reliance on Japan by targeting secondary markets like China (9.6% share) to reduce geographic concentration risk.
• Lock in long-term contracts: Secure stable revenue streams with key accounts (81% of export value) to buffer against volatile spot price swings.
• Optimize logistics costs: Focus on bulk shipping efficiencies to protect margins in a low-value, high-volume trade structure.
• Monitor regulatory shifts: Anticipate documentation disruptions from GCC’s 12-digit HS code transition to avoid shipment delays in 2026.
• Hedge price exposure: Use forward contracts to stabilize revenue amid the 19% annual price decline and refining margin pressures.

Take Action Now —— Explore Peru Light oils HS Code 271012 Export Data

Frequently Asked Questions

Q1. What is driving the recent changes in Peru Light oils Export in 2025?

The Peru Light oils export market saw extreme volatility in 2025, with an 84% value surge in March followed by a 73% crash in November. This was driven by administrative disruptions from GCC’s HS code changes and global oversupply pressures on light oil prices.

Q2. Who are the main destination countries of Peru Light oils (HS Code 271012) in 2025?

Japan dominates Peru’s Light oils exports, accounting for 72.8% of the total value, while China is the only other notable partner with a 9.6% share.

Q3. Why does the unit price differ across destination countries of Peru Light oils Export in 2025?

Unit prices for Peru’s Light oils exports range narrowly from $0.43 to $0.70/kg, reflecting a commodity-driven market where bulk procurement (led by sub-code 2710121900, 86.43% of value) prioritizes cost efficiency over quality differentiation.

Q4. What should exporters in Peru focus on in the current Light oils export market?

Exporters should prioritize long-term contracts with high-volume buyers (81% of value) to mitigate concentration risk, while exploring secondary markets to reduce dependence on Japan’s dominant demand.

Q5. What does this Peru Light oils export pattern mean for buyers in partner countries?

Buyers benefit from stable, bulk-oriented supply chains with price-sensitive procurement, but Peru’s heavy reliance on Japan creates potential volatility if demand shifts abruptly.

Q6. How is Light oils typically used in this trade flow?

Peru’s Light oils are primarily traded as bulk commodities for industrial processing or energy generation, evidenced by Japan’s aligned value-weight ratios (72.8% vs. 72.6%) and high shipment frequency.

Detailed Monthly and Quarterly Report

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