Indonesia Coal HS2701 Export Data 2025 July Overview

Indonesia Coal (HS 2701) 2025 July Export: Key Takeaways

Indonesia Coal Export 2025 July under HS Code 2701 reveals a market split between volume-driven buyers like India (22.7% share) and value-focused markets like Japan, signaling divergent demand for lower-grade versus premium coal. India’s heavy reliance highlights geographic concentration risk, while emerging buyers like Vietnam offer diversification potential. The market shows stable demand but pricing pressures loom with potential export duties. This analysis covers July 2025 and is based on processed Customs data from the yTrade database.

Indonesia Coal (HS 2701) 2025 July Export Background

Indonesia’s coal exports (HS Code 2701: Coal; briquettes and similar solid fuels) remain vital for power generation and steel production globally, despite shifting energy trends. In July 2025, Indonesia faced declining demand from key markets like India and China, while the government finalized a new export duty formula to boost revenue and manage trade [Petromindo]. As the world’s top thermal coal exporter, Indonesia’s coal export strategy in 2025 hinges on balancing policy adjustments with market realities, even as domestic energy transition plans send mixed signals [Green Central Banking].

Indonesia Coal (HS 2701) 2025 July Export: Trend Summary

Key Observations

In July 2025, Indonesia's coal export volume rebounded sharply by 9.6% month-over-month to 30.44 million tons, recovering from a significant dip in June, while unit prices held firm at $0.06 per kg, reflecting persistent market stability amid broader declines.

Price and Volume Dynamics

The monthly data for HS Code 2701 shows a volatile volume trend through 2025, with a peak in May at 33.60 million tons followed by a steep drop in June to 27.77 million tons before July's recovery. This pattern aligns with typical coal export cycles, where mid-year fluctuations often stem from seasonal demand shifts in key Asian markets like India and China, coupled with inventory adjustments. Year-over-year, the overall export value and volume for Indonesia Coal Export are down approximately 12% in the first half, as reduced global demand and buyer diversification efforts pressured shipments, though stable prices indicate balanced supply dynamics.

External Context and Outlook

The decline in exports is directly tied to reduced purchases from major importers like India and China, which are prioritizing domestic production and stricter environmental policies [ytrade.com]. Additionally, Indonesia's government is finalizing new export duties and a potential levy in 2026, aiming to boost revenue but adding uncertainty for traders (Petromindo). With coal demand projected to fall further due to energy transition pressures, the outlook for Indonesia Coal Export remains cautious, though July's rebound suggests short-term resilience.

Indonesia Coal (HS 2701) 2025 July Export: HS Code Breakdown

Product Specialization and Concentration

In July 2025, Indonesia's coal export under HS Code 2701 is dominated by lower-grade coal, specifically the sub-code 27011900 for coal other than anthracite and bituminous. This product accounts for over 79% of the export weight and 71% of the value, with a unit price of just 0.05 USD per kilogram, significantly lower than other grades. This low price indicates a focus on high-volume, low-value exports, with no extreme price anomalies present in the data.

Value-Chain Structure and Grade Analysis

The remaining sub-codes are grouped by coal grade: bituminous coals (27011290 and 27011210) with unit prices around 0.08 to 0.10 USD per kilogram, and anthracite coal (27011100) at 0.09 USD per kilogram. This structure confirms that Indonesia's coal export is a trade in fungible bulk commodities, where prices are directly tied to quality grades rather than value-added processing, making them susceptible to global market indices.

Strategic Implication and Pricing Power

The heavy reliance on low-grade coal limits pricing power for Indonesian exporters, as commodity markets are price-sensitive. [ytrade.com] reports declining export volumes and potential duties, which could further pressure margins. Exporters should diversify into higher-grade coals or explore value-added strategies to mitigate risks in the volatile coal market.

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Indonesia Coal (HS 2701) 2025 July Export: Market Concentration

Geographic Concentration and Dominant Role

Indonesia Coal Export 2025 July shows heavy reliance on India, which took 22.7% of volume but only 16.6% of value under HS Code 2701. This gap between weight and value ratios points to India buying larger amounts of lower-grade coal. Japan and China Mainland follow as major buyers, but both show narrower gaps, suggesting they purchase higher-quality coal.

Partner Countries Clusters and Underlying Causes

Buyers fall into three clear groups. India, China Mainland, and the Philippines form a volume-driven cluster, likely seeking affordable energy for power generation [ytrade.com]. Japan and South Korea form a value-focused cluster, possibly prioritizing higher-calorific coal for industrial use. A third cluster includes Vietnam, Bangladesh, and Thailand, which are smaller but growing markets possibly for mid-grade thermal coal.

Forward Strategy and Supply Chain Implications

Exporters should prepare for India’s demand to keep shifting toward cheaper grades, while targeting Japan and South Korea for premium sales. New export duties may soon affect pricing [Petromindo], so contracts must build in flexibility. Diversifying to emerging buyers like Vietnam and Bangladesh could offset slower growth in China [Ember].

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Indonesia Coal (HS 2701) 2025 July Export: Buyer Cluster

Buyer Market Concentration and Dominance

For Indonesia Coal Export 2025 July under HS Code 2701, the buyer market is divided into four segments, with high-value, high-frequency buyers overwhelmingly dominant, accounting for 81.64% of export value. This concentration means most revenue comes from large, regular purchasers like ADARO INDONESIA and PT. BAYAN RESOURCES TBK. The median transaction is high in both value and frequency, defining a market reliant on steady, bulk coal shipments.

Strategic Buyer Clusters and Trade Role

The other segments add diversity. High-value, low-frequency buyers make rare but large purchases, likely for specific projects or spot market deals. Low-value, high-frequency buyers are frequent but smaller, probably serving local distributors or smaller consumers. Low-value, low-frequency buyers are infrequent and small, possibly representing new market entrants or niche users. In coal exports, these groups provide supplementary demand but lack the scale of the dominant buyers.

Sales Strategy and Vulnerability

Indonesian exporters should prioritize high-value, high-frequency buyers to secure revenue, but diversify into other segments to mitigate risks from over-reliance, especially with news of declining coal exports and potential new duties [ytrade.com]. Sales strategies might include tailored approaches for each buyer type, focusing on stability amid market shifts highlighted by reduced global demand (ytrade.com).

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Indonesia Coal (HS 2701) 2025 July Export: Action Plan for Coal Market Expansion

Strategic Supply Chain Overview

Indonesia Coal Export 2025 July under HS Code 2701 operates as a bulk commodity trade. Price is driven by coal grade quality and shifts in global demand. Heavy reliance on low-grade coal (sub-code 27011900) limits pricing power. High buyer concentration with key partners like India and Japan creates supply chain vulnerability to demand swings or policy changes like new duties. The supply chain must prioritize secure, high-volume shipments while adapting to value-focused markets.

Action Plan: Data-Driven Steps for Coal Market Execution

• Diversify into higher-grade coal exports. Target buyers in Japan and South Korea to increase unit revenue and reduce dependency on low-margin, high-volume sales.
• Segment contracts by buyer frequency and value. Secure long-term agreements with high-frequency buyers for stability while creating flexible spot prices for low-frequency buyers to capture opportunistic demand.
• Incorporate duty risk clauses into all contracts. Use trade data to model cost impacts from potential levies and adjust pricing terms proactively to protect margins.
• Expand into emerging markets like Vietnam and Bangladesh. Allocate a portion of export volume to these growth regions to offset demand volatility in larger, established markets.

Take Action Now —— Explore Indonesia Coal Export Data

Frequently Asked Questions

Q1. What is driving the recent changes in Indonesia Coal Export 2025 July?

Indonesia's coal export volume rebounded by 9.6% in July 2025 after a sharp June dip, reflecting seasonal demand shifts in key Asian markets. However, year-over-year exports are down 12%, driven by reduced purchases from India and China due to domestic production and environmental policies.

Q2. Who are the main partner countries in this Indonesia Coal Export 2025 July?

India, Japan, and China Mainland are the top buyers. India accounts for 22.7% of volume but only 16.6% of value, indicating a focus on lower-grade coal, while Japan and China prioritize higher-quality grades.

Q3. Why does the unit price differ across Indonesia Coal Export 2025 July partner countries?

Prices vary by coal grade: low-grade coal (sub-code 27011900) dominates at $0.05/kg, while bituminous and anthracite grades (e.g., 27011290, 27011100) fetch $0.08–$0.10/kg. India’s lower unit price reflects its bulk purchases of cheaper coal.

Q4. What should exporters in Indonesia focus on in the current Coal export market?

Exporters should prioritize high-value, high-frequency buyers (81.64% of revenue) but diversify into emerging markets like Vietnam and Bangladesh. Shifting toward higher-grade coal could mitigate risks from India’s price-sensitive demand.

Q5. What does this Indonesia Coal export pattern mean for buyers in partner countries?

Buyers in India benefit from stable low-grade supply, while Japan and South Korea secure premium coal for industrial use. Smaller markets like the Philippines and Thailand face less competition for mid-grade coal.

Q6. How is Coal typically used in this trade flow?

Indonesian coal exports are primarily bulk commodities for power generation, with lower grades fueling energy plants in volume-driven markets like India and higher grades serving industrial needs in Japan and South Korea.

Q7. What is yTrade?

yTrade is a global trade data platform that provides SaaS and API access to provide accurate, structured, and searchable import-export trade data for international business decisions. It enables users to access verified shipment records, analyse buyer and supplier activity, review company trade overviews, assess compliance risks, and monitor real market demand — all from a single, scalable system.

Q8. How can yTrade benefit my business?

yTrade helps businesses:

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Q9. What features does yTrade offer?

yTrade provides practical, trade-focused tools including:

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