Indonesia Bituminous Coal HS270112 Export Data 2025 February Overview

Indonesia Bituminous Coal (HS 270112) 2025 February Export: Key Takeaways

Indonesia’s Bituminous Coal (HS Code 270112) exports in February 2025 reveal a premium market dynamic, with Japan commanding 42.32% of export value despite lower volume share, signaling demand for higher-grade coal. The market remains concentrated, relying heavily on a few key buyers like Japan and China, posing supply chain risks if demand shifts. Southeast Asian nations form a secondary cluster, driven by regional energy needs, while Indonesia’s new export regulations may force exporters to adapt by boosting domestic processing. This analysis, covering February 2025, is based on cleanly processed Customs data from the yTrade database.

Indonesia Bituminous Coal (HS 270112) 2025 February Export Background

Indonesia’s Bituminous Coal (HS Code 270112) fuels power generation and steel production globally, with steady demand due to its energy density. Recent MOT Regulations 8/2025 and 9/2025 tightened export rules, restricting shipments unless for research or industrial use, pushing for local processing [Permitindo]. As a top exporter, Indonesia’s 2025 February policies highlight its balancing act between revenue and downstream growth, shaping global coal trade dynamics.

Indonesia Bituminous Coal (HS 270112) 2025 February Export: Trend Summary

Key Observations

Indonesia's Bituminous Coal exports under HS Code 270112 in February 2025 posted a value of $516.89 million USD and a volume of 5.39 billion kg, indicating robust performance early in the year.

Price and Volume Dynamics

Month-over-month, both value and volume rose by approximately 7.7% and 9.6% from January 2025, driven by typical Q1 seasonal demand spikes in coal markets, where colder weather in key importing regions like Northeast Asia boosts heating-related consumption. This growth reflects steady industrial stock replenishment cycles, underscoring the commodity's resilience amid fluctuating global energy needs.

External Context and Outlook

The uptick in February exports likely stems from anticipatory shipping ahead of Indonesia's stricter export regulations, such as Permendag 8/2025 and 9/2025 [Permitindo], which aim to curb raw material exports to foster domestic processing. With these policies enforcing restrictions from early 2025, the Indonesia Bituminous Coal HS Code 270112 Export market for 2025 may face increased volatility as exporters adapt to new compliance requirements and shifted demand patterns.

Indonesia Bituminous Coal (HS 270112) 2025 February Export: HS Code Breakdown

Product Specialization and Concentration

In February 2025, Indonesia's export of Bituminous Coal under HS Code 270112 was dominated by sub-code 27011290, described as bituminous coal not agglomerated. This sub-code accounted for 56.85% of the export value and 59.53% of the weight, with a unit price of 0.09 USD per kilogram. The other sub-code, 27011210, had a slightly higher unit price of 0.10 USD per kilogram but lower value and weight shares, indicating no extreme price anomalies in the market.

Value-Chain Structure and Grade Analysis

The export structure for HS Code 270112 comprises two sub-codes with identical product descriptions, both representing raw, bulk bituminous coal without agglomeration. The minimal unit price difference suggests minor quality or grade variations, but overall, the market operates as a trade in fungible commodities. This structure implies that pricing is largely influenced by global indices rather than significant value-add stages or product differentiation.

Strategic Implication and Pricing Power

Market players face limited pricing power due to the homogeneous nature of these exports, with prices driven by external supply and demand factors. However, Indonesia's new export regulations, such as MOT Regulation No. 8/2025 and No. 9/2025, which encourage downstream processing, could reshape strategies by promoting higher-value products [Permitindo.com]. This may reduce reliance on raw coal exports and enhance competitiveness in the long term.

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Indonesia Bituminous Coal (HS 270112) 2025 February Export: Market Concentration

Geographic Concentration and Dominant Role

Indonesia's Bituminous Coal HS Code 270112 Export in 2025 February shows strong reliance on Japan, which leads with 33.49% of weight share but commands 42.32% of value share, indicating a higher unit price and likely premium grade coal. This value-weight disparity suggests Japan pays more per kilogram, possibly for better quality or processed coal, while other top importers like China Mainland have lower value ratios, pointing to standard grades.

Partner Countries Clusters and Underlying Causes

The top importers form three clusters: Japan and China Mainland dominate due to high energy demand and established trade routes; Southeast Asian nations like Vietnam and Malaysia import mid-tier volumes for regional power needs; smaller players like Thailand and Brunei have minimal shares, likely for niche or auxiliary uses, influenced by geographic proximity and specific industrial requirements.

Forward Strategy and Supply Chain Implications

Exporters should prepare for tighter regulations, as Indonesia's new rules [Permitindo] restrict exports to boost domestic processing. This may force market players to diversify buyers or invest in local value-added activities to comply and maintain competitiveness, especially with Japan's premium demand.

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Indonesia Bituminous Coal (HS 270112) 2025 February Export: Action Plan for Bituminous Coal Market Expansion

Strategic Supply Chain Overview

Indonesia Bituminous Coal Export 2025 February under HS Code 270112 operates as a bulk commodity trade. Price is driven by global coal indices and minor quality variations, not product differentiation. Japan pays premium prices for higher-grade coal, while other buyers like China focus on volume. Supply chain implications are significant. Indonesia's new export rules encourage domestic processing, shifting focus from raw exports to value-added products. This aims to reduce reliance on volatile global prices and secure long-term market stability.

Action Plan: Data-Driven Steps for Bituminous Coal Market Execution

• Target premium markets like Japan using HS Code 270112 unit price data. Why: Maximize revenue per kilogram by aligning with buyers paying higher rates for quality.
• Diversify buyer base beyond high-frequency, high-volume clusters. Why: Reduce vulnerability to demand shifts or regulatory changes affecting major partners.
• Invest in downstream processing capabilities as per MOT Regulation No. 8/2025. Why: Comply with new rules and capture more value domestically, enhancing competitiveness.
• Monitor buyer frequency patterns to anticipate order cycles and optimize inventory. Why: Prevent overstock or shortages, ensuring efficient supply chain management.
• Leverage geographic trade data to identify emerging markets in Southeast Asia. Why: Expand into regions with growing energy needs, balancing export concentration risks.

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Frequently Asked Questions

Q1. What is driving the recent changes in Indonesia Bituminous Coal Export 2025 February?

The February 2025 surge in exports (7.7% value, 9.6% volume growth) reflects seasonal demand spikes and anticipatory shipping ahead of Indonesia’s stricter export regulations, which aim to curb raw coal exports and promote domestic processing.

Q2. Who are the main partner countries in this Indonesia Bituminous Coal Export 2025 February?

Japan dominates with 42.32% of the export value, followed by China Mainland, while Southeast Asian nations like Vietnam and Malaysia account for mid-tier volumes.

Q3. Why does the unit price differ across Indonesia Bituminous Coal Export 2025 February partner countries?

Japan’s higher unit price suggests premium-grade coal purchases, while other markets like China Mainland likely buy standard-grade coal, as the sub-codes (27011290 and 27011210) show minimal quality differentiation.

Q4. What should exporters in Indonesia focus on in the current Bituminous Coal export market?

Exporters must prioritize relationships with high-value, high-frequency buyers (80% of trade) while diversifying markets to mitigate risks from new regulations restricting raw coal exports.

Q5. What does this Indonesia Bituminous Coal export pattern mean for buyers in partner countries?

Buyers in Japan benefit from stable, premium-grade supply, but all importers face potential volatility due to Indonesia’s regulatory shift toward domestic processing and reduced raw material exports.

Q6. How is Bituminous Coal typically used in this trade flow?

The coal is primarily exported as raw, bulk material for power generation and industrial energy needs, with no significant downstream processing.