2025 Q1 Peru Global Trade Data Summary: Volatile Surge & Drop

Peru 2025 Q1 Trade Data Key Takeaways

• Market Trend: Peru trade data shows volatile Q1 2025 with a 13.45% YoY export surge in March but a 14.23% MoM February drop.
• Key Driver: Peru import export data reveals China dominates 33.6% of exports, while mineral fuels and machinery top trade gaps.
• Strategic Risk: High export concentration in raw materials (60% of total) exposes Peru to commodity price swings.

Analysis covers 2025 Q1 based on sanitized customs records from the yTrade database.

Peru 2025 Q1 Trade Data Trend Overview

• Peru, a key mineral and agricultural exporter, saw its Q1 2025 global trade data reflect the dual pressures of robust commodity prices and new external tariff headwinds.
• The Peru import export data for the quarter shows exports totaled $18.34B while imports reached $14.58B, with a notable 13.45% YoY export surge in March partly offset by a sharp 14.23% MoM contraction in February.
• This resulted in a substantial trade surplus of $3.76B for the quarter, underscoring the nation's strong net exporter position.
• The volatility was primarily driven by the imposition of new U.S. tariffs in early April, which created significant uncertainty for key Peruvian export sectors like agriculture and textiles, while high metal prices supported the overall surplus [EY].

Table: Import Key Metrics (Source: yTrade)

Table: Export Key Metrics (Source: yTrade)

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Peru 2025 Q1 Top Trading Products

Peru Global Trade Core Summary

Peru's trade is heavily resource-driven, with ores, precious metals, and agricultural products dominating exports. The top three export categories—ores (34.6%), precious stones/metals (20.4%), and edible fruits/nuts (8.6%)—account for over 60% of total exports. Imports are more diversified, led by mineral fuels (15.6%), machinery (13.7%), and vehicles (9%), reflecting reliance on foreign-made industrial goods and energy. Key takeaways:

• High export concentration in raw materials (ores, metals, agri-products) exposes Peru to commodity price swings.
• Limited value-added exports, with minimal presence of manufactured goods in top categories.
• Energy dependency is evident, as mineral fuels are both a major export and the top import.

Peru Export-Import Structural Gap

Peru’s trade shows a clear divide: it exports raw materials but imports machinery, vehicles, and fuel. This suggests an economy reliant on resource extraction, lacking advanced manufacturing capacity. Overlap in mineral fuels (HS 27) as both a top export and import hints at refining or energy-supply gaps. The absence of finished goods in exports highlights an opportunity to move up the value chain, especially in metals (HS 71, 74) and agriculture (HS 08). The import-heavy machinery and transport sectors signal unmet domestic industrial needs.

Table: Peru Top Import & Export Product Categories (Source: yTrade)

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Peru 2025 Q1 Top Trading Countries

Peru Global Trade Key Patterns

Peru's exports show strong concentration, with Mainland China alone accounting for 33.6% ($6.17B) of total exports, followed by the U.S. (12.68%, $2.33B). Other key destinations include the UAE (6.05%), Canada (5.32%), and India (3.96%), indicating a mix of Asian, North American, and Middle Eastern demand. Imports also rely heavily on Mainland China (30.56%, $4.46B) and the U.S. (19.53%, $2.85B), but sourcing is more diversified across Latin America (Argentina, Brazil, Colombia) and other regions. Key takeaways:

• Exports are highly dependent on China, with limited diversification.
• Imports show broader sourcing, though China and the U.S. dominate.
• Trade flows are asymmetrical, with exports more concentrated than imports.

Peru Export–Import Geographic Gap

Peru’s exports lean heavily on a few large markets (China, U.S.), while imports draw from a wider range of suppliers, including regional partners in Latin America. There is partial overlap in trade partners (China, U.S., Canada, India), suggesting some processing trade. The structure points to upstream diversification in imports but downstream reliance on a narrow export base. This gap highlights Peru’s exposure to demand shifts in key markets like China.

Table: Peru Top Destiantion & Origin Countries (Source: yTrade)

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the major products exported by Peru in 2025 Q1?

Peru's top exports in Q1 2025 were ores, slag, and ash (34.64% of exports, $6.36B), followed by natural or cultured pearls and precious metals (20.40%, $3.74B), and edible fruits and nuts (8.63%, $1.58B).

What are the main products Peru imports in 2025 Q1?

Peru's primary imports included mineral fuels and oils (15.60%, $2.28B), nuclear reactors and machinery (13.73%, $2.00B), and vehicles (8.97%, $1.31B).

Which countries are the top destinations for Peru's exports in 2025 Q1?

Peru's exports were mainly sent to Mainland China (30.56%, $4.46B), the United States (19.53%, $2.85B), and Argentina (5.13%, $748.12M).

Which countries supply most of Peru's imports in 2025 Q1?

Peru's largest import sources were Mainland China (33.60%, $6.17B), the United States (12.68%, $2.33B), and the United Arab Emirates (6.05%, $1.11B).

How balanced are Peru's export and import markets in 2025 Q1?

Peru recorded a $3.76B trade surplus in Q1 2025, with exports ($18.34B) exceeding imports ($14.58B), driven by strong commodity prices despite tariff-related volatility.

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